[Docker] 도커의 기본적인 명령어 (알아두면 좋은 것들 정리)

Docker 공식 문서 사이트

docker

 

 

 

🐋 docker search <IMAGE>

Docker Hub에서 image 찾기
(star가 많고, official이면 그 만큼 신뢰성 up!)

PS C:\Users> docker search wordpress
NAME                DESCRIPTION                                     STARS     OFFICIAL   AUTOMATED
wordpress           The WordPress rich content management system…   5089      [OK]
bitnami/wordpress   Bitnami container image for WordPress           211                  [OK]

 

🐋 docker pull <IMAGE>

image를 pull 하기 (다운로드하기)

PS C:\Users> docker pull wordpress
Using default tag: latest
latest: Pulling from library/wordpress
...

 

🐋 docker images

image 전체를 보여준다

PS C:\Users> docker images
REPOSITORY                    TAG           IMAGE ID       CREATED        SIZE
nginx                         latest        9eeeeeeeeeee   44 hours ago   142MB

 

🐋 docker run <IMAGE>

image로 container를 실행시키기

PS C:\Users> docker run nginx
/docker-entrypoint.sh: /docker-entrypoint.d/ is not empty, will attempt to perform configuration
...

 

syntax) run의 실제 문법 

docker run [OPTIONS] IMAGE [COMMAND]

 

 

대표적인 [OPTIONS] : --name <이름>

container의 이름 만들기

PS C:\Users> docker run --name hi wordpress
WordPress not found in /var/www/html - copying now...
...
PS C:\Users> docker ps
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE       COMMAND                  CREATED         STATUS         PORTS     NAMES
78000d50ea05   wordpress   "docker-entrypoint.s…"   9 seconds ago   Up 8 seconds   80/tcp    hi

 

대표적인 [COMMAND] : sleep

실행시켰다가 30초 뒤에 sleep(정지) 시키시

PS C:\Users> docker run wordpress sleep 30

 

🐋 docker ps

현재 가동중인 container를 보여준다

PS C:\Users> docker ps
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE               COMMAND                  CREATED         STATUS         PORTS     NAMES
aaaaaaaaaaaa   nginx:1.211111111   "/docker-entrypoint.…"   6 seconds ago   Up 5 seconds   80/tcp    thirsty_tharp

🐋 docker ps -a 

-a(all) 모든 컨테이너 보여줌

PS C:\Users> docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE              COMMAND                  CREATED          STATUS           PORTS     NAMES
1df8403e6de4   wordpress:latest   "docker-entrypoint.s…"   12 minutes ago   Up 12 minutes    80/tcp    compassionate_solomon

 

🐋 docker logs <CONTAINER>

log를 보여준다

> docker logs hi
WordPress not found in /var/www/html - copying now...
Complete! WordPress has been successfully copied to /var/www/html
AH00558: apache2: Could not reliably determine the server's fully qualified domain name, using 172.17.0.2. Set the 'ServerName' directive globally to suppress this message
AH00558: apache2: Could not reliably determine the server's fully qualified domain name, using 172.17.0.2. Set the 'ServerName' directive globally to suppress this message
[Tue Feb 07 10:16:46.328454 2023] [mpm_prefork:notice] [pid 1] AH00163: Apache/2.4.54 (Debian) PHP/8.0.27 configured -- resuming normal operations
[Tue Feb 07 10:16:46.328506 2023] [core:notice] [pid 1] AH00094: Command line: 'apache2 -D FOREGROUND'

그냥 logs는 보여주다 멈춘다

-f logs로 하면 실시간으로 보여줌

PS C:\Users> docker logs -f hi
WordPress not found in /var/www/html - copying now...
Complete! WordPress has been successfully copied to /var/www/html
AH00558: apache2: Could not reliably determine the server's fully qualified domain name, using 172.17.0.2. Set the 'ServerName' directive globally to suppress this message
AH00558: apache2: Could not reliably determine the server's fully qualified domain name, using 172.17.0.2. Set the 'ServerName' directive globally to suppress this message
[Tue Feb 07 10:16:46.328454 2023] [mpm_prefork:notice] [pid 1] AH00163: Apache/2.4.54 (Debian) PHP/8.0.27 configured -- resuming normal operations
[Tue Feb 07 10:16:46.328506 2023] [core:notice] [pid 1] AH00094: Command line: 'apache2 -D FOREGROUND'

 

🐋 docker stop <CONTAINER>

실행 중인 container를 멈추기

PS C:\Users> docker stop compassionate_solomon
compassionate_solomon

 

🐋 docker start <CONTAINER>

중지시킨 container 다시 시작하기

PS C:\Users> docker stop inspiring_galileo
inspiring_galileo
PS C:\Users> docker start inspiring_galileo
inspiring_galileo

 

🐋 docker rm <CONTAINER>

container 아예 삭제하기 (먼저 stop 시키고 지우기)

PS C:\Users> docker stop inspiring_galileo
inspiring_galileo
PS C:\Users> docker rm inspiring_galileo
inspiring_galileo

 

🐋 docker rmi

image를 삭제하기

PS C:\Users> docker rmi 9eee96112def
Untagged: nginx:latest
Untagged: nginx@sha256:c54fb26749e49dc2df77c6155e8b5f0f78b781b7f0eadd96ecfabdcdfa5b1ec4
Deleted: sha256:9eee96112defa9d7b1880f18e76e174537491bcec6e31ad9a474cdea40f5abab

 

🐋 docker inspect

컨테이너에 관한 자세한 정보 획득

 

 

🐋 docker exec

실행중인 컨테이너에 새로운 명령어를 실행한다

 

🐋 docker attach

실행중인 도커 컨테이너에 표준 입출력으로 연결한다

 

 

🐋 docker container prune

정지 컨테이너 삭제

 

 

🐋 docker image prune

미사용 이미지 삭제